Study on the Mistakes and Countermeasures in Ship Firefighting - A Case Study of M. V. Zhonghuafuqiang

Wenhai Dong; Zhangfeng Ni; Xinghua Tu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.13

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Study on the Mistakes and Countermeasures in Ship Firefighting - A Case Study of M. V. Zhonghuafuqiang

Wenhai Dong, Zhangfeng Ni, Xinghua Tu

Published in American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (Volume 8, Issue 1)

Received: 5 January 2023 Accepted: 29 January 2023 Published: 6 February 2023

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Abstract

This article firstly introduces the characteristics of fire on board ships, which includes “more of ignition sources, flammable and explosive materials, fire spread quickly on board, hard to be extinguished, lack of external assistance, large losses and hazards” ; and secondly takes the fire accident of M. V. Zhonghuafuqiang as an example, elaborating the whole fire extinguishing process of the ship including the discovery of the fire, the initial emergency extinguishing of the fire, closing the fire compartment and releasing CO₂to extinguish the fire, returning to the port of departure for berthing, transferring the command authority from the master to the shore-based fire department, the explosion causing by the opening of the fire compartment by the shore department, and the severe damage of the ship. Third, this article points out that its firefighting mistakes include the loss of the master’s command authority, wrong firefighting procedures and improper use of fire extinguishing agent; then analyzes that the reasons are unclear responsibility and authority between ship and shore, unfamiliarity of the shore-based support department with firefighting procedures and the existence of inapparent dangerous cargo. Finally, this article proposes countermeasures against such mistakes, including clarifying and guaranteeing the command authority of the master, improving the familiarity of the shore-based firefighting support department with firefighting procedures on board, and strengthening the management of inapparent dangerous cargo, etc.

Published in	American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (Volume 8, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.13
Page(s)	15-20
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Ship Firefighting, Mistakes, Countermeasures, Master’s Overriding Authority

References

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[3]	UNCTAD. Review of Maritime Transport 2021 [R]. New York: United Nations, Geneva, 2022.
[4]	L. A. JIN, Y. M. XU M H Z, X. L. BAI. Problems and Countermeasures of ship fire rescue [J]. Marine Techonology, 2002, 02: 73-5.
[5]	LI W S. Analysis of characteristics of ship fire and configuration scheme of detector [J]. Technology Innovation and Application, 2020, 25: 117-8.
[6]	IMO. PRINCIPLES OF MINIMUM SAFE MANNING [Z]//ORGANIZATION I M. London; International Maritime Organization. 2011: 1-14.
[7]	IMO. International Code for Fire Safety Systems, 2015 edition. [M]. London: International Maritime Organization, 2015.
[8]	GAO L. The safety assessment research of Bo Hao RO/RO passenger ship's fire [D]. Dalian; Dalian maritime university, 2009.
[9]	TAO Y. Experimental investigation on the fire characteristics evolution under typical ship environmental condition [D]. Wuhan, China.; China University of Geosciences 2020.
[10]	OCIMF. OCIMF Safety Bulletin-Sanchii and CF Crystal Collision Incident [R]. Londong: Oil Companies International Marine Forum, 2020.
[11]	MSA C. Fire investigation report of M. V Zhonghuafuqiang [R]. Beijing: China Maritime Safety Administration, 2021.
[12]	WIKIPEDIA. Fire triangle [Z]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_triangle; Wikipedia. 2022.
[13]	DUNN D C V. WHAT'S A FIRE TETRAHEDRON? [Z]//TETRAHEDRON F. https://wwwgooglecom/imgres?imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fstatic1squarespacecom%2Fstatic%2F5cf7f478455654000153bc74%2F5d227cef59005400016b5275%2F5e1f81f00b081202df8dc66d%2F1579314886474%2FFIRE%2BTETRAjpeg%3Fformat%3D1500w&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwwwjerseyfirefighterscom%2Fnewspaper-article-upload%2Fwhats-a-fire-tetrahedron-&tbnid=2j88JGjjxrtJQM&vet=12ahUKEwiDptXFqIT6AhWCGbcAHfw3BUMQMygIegUIARDuAQi&docid=LTNkA1Vml-iKvM&w=720&h=552&q=fire%20tetrahedron&hl=en&ved=2ahUKEwiDptXFqIT6AhWCGbcAHfw3BUMQMygIegUIARDuAQ. Online. 2020.
[14]	EQUATIONS C. Si+H₂O reaction [Z]. https://chemequations.com/en/?s=si+%2B+H2O&ref=input; Chemical Equations Online. 2022.
[15]	IMO. SOLAS Consolidated Edition 2020 [M]. 7th ed. London: International Maritime Organization, 2020.
[16]	IMO. International safety management code with guidelines for its implementation [M]. 5th ed. London: International Maritime Organization, 2018.
[17]	IMCO. DECISIONS OF THE SHIPNASTER WITH REGARD TO MARITIME SAFETY AND MARINE ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION; proceedings of the IMCO Assembly -11session, Lodon, F, 1980 [C]. Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization: London, 1980.
[18]	ZHANG Y X. Experience and lessons of the incontrollable self-rescue of M. V Zhonghuafuqiang [J]. Firefighting on water, 2022, (02): 20-4.
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APA Style

Wenhai Dong, Zhangfeng Ni, Xinghua Tu. (2023). Study on the Mistakes and Countermeasures in Ship Firefighting - A Case Study of M. V. Zhonghuafuqiang. American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 8(1), 15-20. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.13

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ACS Style

Wenhai Dong; Zhangfeng Ni; Xinghua Tu. Study on the Mistakes and Countermeasures in Ship Firefighting - A Case Study of M. V. Zhonghuafuqiang. Am. J. Traffic Transp. Eng. 2023, 8(1), 15-20. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.13

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AMA Style

Wenhai Dong, Zhangfeng Ni, Xinghua Tu. Study on the Mistakes and Countermeasures in Ship Firefighting - A Case Study of M. V. Zhonghuafuqiang. Am J Traffic Transp Eng. 2023;8(1):15-20. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.13,
  author = {Wenhai Dong and Zhangfeng Ni and Xinghua Tu},
  title = {Study on the Mistakes and Countermeasures in Ship Firefighting - A Case Study of M. V. Zhonghuafuqiang},
  journal = {American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering},
  volume = {8},
  number = {1},
  pages = {15-20},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajtte.20230801.13},
  abstract = {This article firstly introduces the characteristics of fire on board ships, which includes “more of ignition sources, flammable and explosive materials, fire spread quickly on board, hard to be extinguished, lack of external assistance, large losses and hazards” ; and secondly takes the fire accident of M. V. Zhonghuafuqiang as an example, elaborating the whole fire extinguishing process of the ship including the discovery of the fire, the initial emergency extinguishing of the fire, closing the fire compartment and releasing CO2 to extinguish the fire , returning to the port of departure for berthing, transferring the command authority from the master to the shore-based fire department, the explosion causing by the opening of the fire compartment by the shore department, and the severe damage of the ship. Third, this article points out that its firefighting mistakes include the loss of the master’s command authority, wrong firefighting procedures and improper use of fire extinguishing agent; then analyzes that the reasons are unclear responsibility and authority between ship and shore, unfamiliarity of the shore-based support department with firefighting procedures and the existence of inapparent dangerous cargo. Finally, this article proposes countermeasures against such mistakes, including clarifying and guaranteeing the command authority of the master, improving the familiarity of the shore-based firefighting support department with firefighting procedures on board, and strengthening the management of inapparent dangerous cargo, etc.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Study on the Mistakes and Countermeasures in Ship Firefighting - A Case Study of M. V. Zhonghuafuqiang
AU  - Wenhai Dong
AU  - Zhangfeng Ni
AU  - Xinghua Tu
Y1  - 2023/02/06
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.13
T2  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
SP  - 15
EP  - 20
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8604
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.13
AB  - This article firstly introduces the characteristics of fire on board ships, which includes “more of ignition sources, flammable and explosive materials, fire spread quickly on board, hard to be extinguished, lack of external assistance, large losses and hazards” ; and secondly takes the fire accident of M. V. Zhonghuafuqiang as an example, elaborating the whole fire extinguishing process of the ship including the discovery of the fire, the initial emergency extinguishing of the fire, closing the fire compartment and releasing CO2 to extinguish the fire , returning to the port of departure for berthing, transferring the command authority from the master to the shore-based fire department, the explosion causing by the opening of the fire compartment by the shore department, and the severe damage of the ship. Third, this article points out that its firefighting mistakes include the loss of the master’s command authority, wrong firefighting procedures and improper use of fire extinguishing agent; then analyzes that the reasons are unclear responsibility and authority between ship and shore, unfamiliarity of the shore-based support department with firefighting procedures and the existence of inapparent dangerous cargo. Finally, this article proposes countermeasures against such mistakes, including clarifying and guaranteeing the command authority of the master, improving the familiarity of the shore-based firefighting support department with firefighting procedures on board, and strengthening the management of inapparent dangerous cargo, etc.
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Wenhai Dong

Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China
Zhangfeng Ni

Shanghai Maritime Safety Administration, Shanghai, China
Xinghua Tu

Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China

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APA Style

Wenhai Dong, Zhangfeng Ni, Xinghua Tu. (2023). Study on the Mistakes and Countermeasures in Ship Firefighting - A Case Study of M. V. Zhonghuafuqiang. American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 8(1), 15-20. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.13

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ACS Style

Wenhai Dong; Zhangfeng Ni; Xinghua Tu. Study on the Mistakes and Countermeasures in Ship Firefighting - A Case Study of M. V. Zhonghuafuqiang. Am. J. Traffic Transp. Eng. 2023, 8(1), 15-20. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.13

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AMA Style

Wenhai Dong, Zhangfeng Ni, Xinghua Tu. Study on the Mistakes and Countermeasures in Ship Firefighting - A Case Study of M. V. Zhonghuafuqiang. Am J Traffic Transp Eng. 2023;8(1):15-20. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.13,
  author = {Wenhai Dong and Zhangfeng Ni and Xinghua Tu},
  title = {Study on the Mistakes and Countermeasures in Ship Firefighting - A Case Study of M. V. Zhonghuafuqiang},
  journal = {American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering},
  volume = {8},
  number = {1},
  pages = {15-20},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajtte.20230801.13},
  abstract = {This article firstly introduces the characteristics of fire on board ships, which includes “more of ignition sources, flammable and explosive materials, fire spread quickly on board, hard to be extinguished, lack of external assistance, large losses and hazards” ; and secondly takes the fire accident of M. V. Zhonghuafuqiang as an example, elaborating the whole fire extinguishing process of the ship including the discovery of the fire, the initial emergency extinguishing of the fire, closing the fire compartment and releasing CO2 to extinguish the fire , returning to the port of departure for berthing, transferring the command authority from the master to the shore-based fire department, the explosion causing by the opening of the fire compartment by the shore department, and the severe damage of the ship. Third, this article points out that its firefighting mistakes include the loss of the master’s command authority, wrong firefighting procedures and improper use of fire extinguishing agent; then analyzes that the reasons are unclear responsibility and authority between ship and shore, unfamiliarity of the shore-based support department with firefighting procedures and the existence of inapparent dangerous cargo. Finally, this article proposes countermeasures against such mistakes, including clarifying and guaranteeing the command authority of the master, improving the familiarity of the shore-based firefighting support department with firefighting procedures on board, and strengthening the management of inapparent dangerous cargo, etc.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Study on the Mistakes and Countermeasures in Ship Firefighting - A Case Study of M. V. Zhonghuafuqiang
AU  - Wenhai Dong
AU  - Zhangfeng Ni
AU  - Xinghua Tu
Y1  - 2023/02/06
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.13
T2  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
SP  - 15
EP  - 20
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8604
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtte.20230801.13
AB  - This article firstly introduces the characteristics of fire on board ships, which includes “more of ignition sources, flammable and explosive materials, fire spread quickly on board, hard to be extinguished, lack of external assistance, large losses and hazards” ; and secondly takes the fire accident of M. V. Zhonghuafuqiang as an example, elaborating the whole fire extinguishing process of the ship including the discovery of the fire, the initial emergency extinguishing of the fire, closing the fire compartment and releasing CO2 to extinguish the fire , returning to the port of departure for berthing, transferring the command authority from the master to the shore-based fire department, the explosion causing by the opening of the fire compartment by the shore department, and the severe damage of the ship. Third, this article points out that its firefighting mistakes include the loss of the master’s command authority, wrong firefighting procedures and improper use of fire extinguishing agent; then analyzes that the reasons are unclear responsibility and authority between ship and shore, unfamiliarity of the shore-based support department with firefighting procedures and the existence of inapparent dangerous cargo. Finally, this article proposes countermeasures against such mistakes, including clarifying and guaranteeing the command authority of the master, improving the familiarity of the shore-based firefighting support department with firefighting procedures on board, and strengthening the management of inapparent dangerous cargo, etc.
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
ER  -

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